George t



G. T. PARKHURST.

Lamp.

Patented Sent. 13. 1859.

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UNITED STATES T 'OFFIGE.

GEORGE T. PARKI-IURST, OF BALTIMORE, MARYLAND.

LAMP.

Specification of Letters .Patent No. 25,488, dated September 13, 1859.

To all whom it may concern:

Be it known that I, GEORGE T. PARKHURST, of the city of Baltimore and State of Maryland, have made and invented certain improvements in lamps for the purpose of burning with better effect the coarser kinds of oils, known whale-oils, &c., which improvements by furnishing a current of external air drawn into contact with the wick on each side and its ends at the point of combustion makes this more perfect and enables these coarse oils to be burned without smoke and with a bright pure flame, which they will not do without my improvements.

I denominate my lamp as a flat wick-top draft solar lampand to enable others skilled to understand and make my invention I hereby give the following general description, followed by a particular one illustrated by the accompanying drawings, with their figures and letters of reference.

I use a flat wick tube of such convenient width as from to 1 inch, gives the desired amount of light. This wick tube is inserted or fastened into a screw cap, as in ordinary lamps, and furnished with the well known spur wheel and thumb piece for raising and lowering the wick. This wick tube has attached to it two flattened air tubes, which rise from the base of the cap to the same, or nearly the same height as the wick tube; and of nearly 1/16 of an inch across the orifice. These tubes are bent at right angles at the point where the lamp cap adjoins the wick tube, and extend outward with a little flaring orifice, beyond the dome or cap to be described further on. These air tubes have a small slit or opening made in them on the lower corner of their bend, the use of which is to allow the overflowing oil (which when the lamp is full is drawn up in excess by the capillary attraction of the wicks,) to fall down into the reservoir and not run out of the tubes at their outer opening. Over these air and wick tubes is a cap which rises above the point of combustion about of an inch with an oblong opening, a trifle larger than the size of the wick tube but not quite as large as the wick and air tubes togetherit is through this opening that the flame rises and burns with a clear steady light without smoke; this cap may be made separate, or it may constitute the collar or receptacle of the chimney or glass which incloses the flame.

The operation is as follows: The wick being turned up and lighted, the air tubes inclosed within the cap become heated, and this creates a current of heated air, which would rise parallel with the flame, but which slightly impinging against the under side of the cap are pressedas it were against the flame and gives great steadiness and intensity to it. The proper height of the wick being regulated by the spur wheel introduced for this purpose.

I am aware that currents of air have been variously introduced around the wick, both as in the Argand burner, and 'flat wick lamps, by means of openings or holes introduced into the cap, but these devices do not have the effect of my invention-which by heating the tubes creates a strong current of air, to be impinged against the flame, and the space inclosed by the cap,keeping all the parts warm, keeps up this current so long as the lamp burns. Again there is no overflow of the superabundant oil, and the air passages can never become obstructed as when made in the drip cup of an Argand lamp, in the form of round holes; and the current created is directed to the very point Where it is needed which is not the case where this air is admitted under the cap by means of holes or openings.

It will be seen from the above that I do not claim these well known devicesbut only those which are new, and of substantion advantage.

I now give a description of the drawings.

Figure 1, is a perspective view of the lamp, showing as many of its various parts as are seen when it is together. A, A, is the body of the lamp or reservoir. B, B, the cap or female screw into which are screwed the other parts by means of the male screw cap C, which cap contains also the wick tube and the air tubes together with the spur wheel. H, H, is one of the flattened air tubes with its orifice directly in front. E is the milled-head thumb piece for raising the wick. D, D, the collar which holds the glass chimney. F the glass chimney. The collar D, may be separate from the cap, shutting over it entirelyor a flooring to this collar may form the dome or top through which the flame passes. G is the lower part of the wick tube extending downward into the lamp. N, is the wick.

Fig. 2, is a longitudinal section made through the several partsomitting the glass chimney and wick and reservoir. B, B the cap and female screw.

C C, the male screw and cap. D D, the collar for chimney and forming the dome or cap. L, L, representing the top, K, the longitudinal opening through which the flame passes. J, J, shows the space at the ends of the wick, the arrows showing the currents of air received through H H, the air tubes. The other parts being marked with the same letters as in Fig. 1, are not necessarily further described.

Fig. 3, is a top view of the lamp capscrew. C C the screw upon which are seen H, H, the air tubes extending outward from G G the wick tube, beyond D, the collar for the glass. M, shown by dotted lines is the slit or opening to allow the oil to fall back to the reservoir.

Fig. 4, is a cross sectional View of the wick tube G, with the spur wheel H, the cap and collar D, and the air tubes H, H, the top of the cap, L L, and its orifice K, for the flame.

The flattened air tubes bent at right or other convenient angles, with a slit or opening at the outer angles, in combination with flat wick tubes, and the combination of the above parts with the cap or dome made and operating substantially as described.

GEO. T. PARKHURST.

Witnesses:

GEO. I. KENNARD, A. R. PARKHURST. 

